Plea Bargaining - A Flaw in the Criminal Justice System in the United Essay

Supplication Bargaining - A Flaw in the Criminal Justice System in the United States - Essay Example This paper will talk about supplication haggling as a blemish in the criminal equity framework. Supplication dealing is characterized as a procedure whereby a litigant in a criminal case and the examiner arrive at a resolution (which is commonly acceptable) to end the criminal case within reach, subject to endorsement by the court. Fruitful request haggling lead to a supplication understanding between the litigant and the examiner, where the previous consents to be concede to the offense without a preliminary (Robert and Stuntz 24). Consequently, the examiner agrees to make great suggestions to the court or excuse explicit charges with respect to the case. Be that as it may, request bartering is considered as an imperfection in the criminal equity framework. Its faultfinders contend that it is an alternate route to equity, and thusly the fair treatment of the law may not be followed completely. Moreover, it is considered as an imperfection in the criminal equity framework since it is esteemed to be uncalled for to criminal litigants. This is on the grounds that the examiners will in general have such a great amount of intensity in choosing the charges that a respondent may confront (Hessick and Saujani 197). Likewise, since the examiners are assessed to a more prominent degree on their paces of conviction, request bartering may drive them to attempt no matter what to win the case. then again, request dealing is an imperfection in the criminal equity framework since it is probably going to mollify punishment’s obstacle impact a s the litigant has a chance to can hope for lesser disciplines (Hessick, Andrew and Saujani 81-82). Source and Impact of Plea Bargaining Plea haggling is a basic piece of the United States’ criminal equity framework; really, greater part of the criminal cases in America are settled utilizing this implies rather by jury preliminary. Supplication bartering follows its beginning to the instance of Brady v. US in 1970 when the l itigant (Robert Brady) attempted to change his request after he had consented to concede to hijacking for a lesser sentence (Fisher 44). Brady’s move was spurred by the craving to evade capital punishment. Nonetheless, after hearing the case, the Supreme Court decided that his supplication was real on the grounds that had an alternative of denying the proposal by the examiner. Ensuing case likewise indicated that the Supreme Court endorsed the legitimateness of supplication bartering. On account of Santobello v New York in 1971, the lawfulness of request dealing was tested when the examiner was blamed by the respondent for breaking their supplication understanding by suggesting a discipline that was harsher than the one they had settled upon. The Supreme Court decided for the litigant; it contended that lawful legitimacy of supplication haggling to be accomplished, the respondent and the examiner ought to hold fast to the request agreement’s terms. This case set a tren d that every request dealing must be affirmed by the court for it to be lawfully substantial. From that point forward it has been settled in America’s criminal equity framework (Bibas 2471). In any case, a few investigations have demonstrated that it influences criminal equity framework by giving the examiner more attentiveness that may prompt injustice with respect to the litigant and by conceding the respondent lesser discipline. The accompanying cases bring the blemish referenced above: Bordenkircher v. Hayes where the court endorsed uncalled for treatment of the case by the investigator; and in Marshall v. Barlow’s Inc where the respondent was allowed lesser discipline in spite of the gravity

Guidelines and standards govern the Human Machine Interactions

Question: Examine about the International Guidelines and norms that administer the Human Machine Interactions. Answer: Presentation HCI has been working over the ISO ergonomics, with UI and the product building principles. This has helped the UI and measures to contain the distinctive exact particulars. The guidelines are set under the setting of utilization, and the client test strategies, programming interface, communication and the diverse programming quality principles, the equipment interface and the presentation terminals, the client focused procedure set for the turn of events and the capacity of the association to be considered as client focused (Cakmak et al., 2016). According to the assessment, HCI works over the assessment of the planning, assessment and the execution for the human use and the investigation of the significant wonder that has been set around it. It is significant for the individual client, gathering of clients who are cooperating to concentrate on the implanted framework, UI where the PCs are costly and are utilized by the specialized individuals as it were. Writing Review According to the investigation, the HCI center around the worries identified with the choice of a legitimate information gadget. Here, the International rules are relying on the information and yield gadgets to follow the undertaking and decide the style for collaboration. The turn of events and improvement with wellbeing gauges works over engaging the clients and administrators to connect with the PC based frameworks in remote way (Lancia et al, 2017). The utility matches with the degree to give the correct usefulness so it turns out to be simple for the client to expand on the recipes and different projects. The measures are set with the general standards from where the interfaces and the techniques could be determined. Here, the attention is on ISO/IEC JTC1 where the SC35 has been for the UIs set with developing the work on the console design. Here, this additionally requires the compromise of the diverse ease of use structures for speaking to the entrance to data through web, glo bal norms which are costly and troublesome too. The utilization of the item is set with the viability, proficiency and the fulfillment, where the procedure is about the improvement of an item, and holding the ability to apply the client focused structures (Burkhart, 2016). The advancement of the ISO norms for the HCI center around the national standard bodies where the emphasis is on the distributed reports which will in general change in the critical way from form to variant till there is an accord which is reached. The gauges are set with settings and the testing techniques where the item quality and the quality model are to characterize the utilization measurements, direction on ease of use and the strategy for the ISO 9241-11. The equipment interface and the improvement procedure work with the intuitive frameworks where the convenience techniques bolster the human focused structuring process and appropriate depictions which are identified with the ergonomic necessities. Here, th e methodologies are set to force the consistency with the interface parts like the symbols and the PDA contents and the other cursor controllers. This will enable de-to factor industry to work over the measures which are powerful than the other ISO structures. The ISO 9241 HCI has a significant contact with exercises expecting to create the usable types of the items. The standards are set with refining the model which could be utilized to survey the capacity of the association and working over completing the client focused plans also (Akash et al., 2017). The item situated base up approach is set with making the frameworks simple to utilize. Here, the ease of use however the International rules and Standards for the HMI or HCI (Human Computer Interactions) depends on the elevated level quality target with planned convenience programs also. The International Guidelines for HCI rely upon the viability, effectiveness and the ease of use groups with appropriate achievement of the objectives and consider about the exhibition for the on-line buy. The engaging of the client is through picking up the piece of the pie and working over purchasing or utilizing the items with the higher normalized structures. The Google internet searcher has a higher market with better proficiency too. The efficiency with brought down costs help in improving the principles of the business the board framework. Here, the orders of the software engineering and the phonetics are for discourse union and acknowledgment which works over the registering of the frameworks, with giving an appropriate data about the human mental capacities too (Badie, 2016). The human science is for planning the practices and work over the compelling structuring of the banners, handouts and the logs with visual correspondence. Examination According to the examination, the International Standards are set for the various exercises for the quality and the ease of use prerequisites. Here, ISO 9241-11 and ISO 14598-1 has been utilized where there is a joining of the ease of use into the quality framework and structuring process. The item situated gauges are for the relative commitment to the product quality. This has been predominantly to manage the convenience structures where the ISO 9241 has been for the workplace work with legitimate presentation of the visual terminals. Here, the measures are likewise explicit for the subtleties and appearance and conduct of UI. This will give a total assessment of the UIs which relies upon the client, task and the earth. The item with no major inborn ease of use holds the capacity to be utilized for a unique circumstance. The business structuring is applied for the distinctive ease of use of the items which should be improved. It likewise works over the intuitive and the association fashioners who take a shot at assessing the items identified with strategies and standards (Shih et al., 2016). The UI configuration engineers are the individuals who build up the model with end client experience, where the data design is for the client encounters. The HCI structuring is to distinguish the necessities and build up legitimate prerequisites, that will be useful in taking care of the simple working of the site, with accessibility of the data too. The similarity, convenience and making the framework simple for the utilization are significant focuses which should be centered around to work over the innovation development, control and the client principles. Application to this present reality The constant applications from mechanical fields, assembling to self-governing investigation is for the remote planets. The apply autonomy manages the structuring, development, producing and the use of robots. The multitude applications for the genuine robots isn't utilized on the grounds that it is seen as practical with the significant expenses and the bigger zone is additionally required for the execution reason (Schutte, 2017). The hand motion ongoing application is one of the model, where the utilization of following calculation which includes the movement displaying and the movement investigations. The distinguishing of the skin and the non-skin hues is the parameter for this present reality applications. the track is likewise about the force with the weighted centroid strategy that will in general monitor skin areas too. The continuous utilization of the hand motion incorporates the foot-bot robot which is in the swarmanoid venture, where the foot-bot robot is for the multitud e applications. Here, there are various subsets for the sensors and the actuators which are for the stage to work over the acknowledgment of the motions. The mechanized following based wheels likewise permit the robot to move at a speed, where there are infrared based range and the bearing sensor that permit to identify the view. The subsequent model is tied in with planning a vehicle with the intuitive presentation which additionally permit the purchaser of the vehicle to choose the various numbers dependent on the site that is utilized for the new vehicles. The choice of the discourse is to coordinate towards the non-specialized client where the point of view purchaser needs to work to settle on decision for the vehicle. The other arrangement depends on the direction, with various visual switches and on-off sorts of characteristics like the official of edges and the other comparative properties. End The ISO guidelines 20282 is for the simplicity of tasks for the various items where there is a need to characterize the client applications with explicit test strategies for estimating the simple of activities. Here, the regular business groups are for the most part to archive the ease of use test reports and the surface interface and association (Lancia et al., 2017). This incorporates the reasonableness for the undertaking, learning, people who chip away at the client desires with appropriate control and the resilience of blunder. There are evaluations for the conformance which is identified with the standards in ISO 9241. Here, the proceeded with strain is basically creating the national gauges to address the issues of the enormous markets that will in general contribute towards the worldwide principles. References Cakmak, H., El Haddad, K. (2016). SCE in HMI Social Communicative Events in Human Machine Interactions. Burkhart, C. (2016). L-8: Using Human-Machine Interactions to Enhance Astronaut Performance and Adaptation in Reduced Gravity Environments. Badie, F. (2016). Idea portrayal investigation with regards to human-machine associations. InProceedings of the fourteenth International Conference on e-Society(pp. 55-62). Shih, V., Zhang, L., Kothe, C., Makeig, S., Sajda, P. (2016, October). Foreseeing choice exactness and sureness in complex cerebrum machine communications. InSystems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 2016 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 004076-004081). IEEE. Schutte, P. C. (2017). Step by step instructions to take advantage of your human: plan contemplations for humanmachine interactions.Cognition, Technology Work,19(2-3), 233-249. Akash, K., Hu, W. L., Reid, T., Jain, N. (2017, May). Dynamic demonstrating of trust in human-machin

Start your 13.8 billion-year journey with the Big History Project

Start your 13.8 billion-year journey with the Big History Project The Big History Project is now available on Khan Academy. Whether you’re a solo learner or a classroom teacher, get ready to take a self-paced journey through nearly 14 billion years of history in just 10 tutorials! Big History asks the big questions about our universe, our planet, life and humanity. From the Big Bang to our still-expanding universe, this course, created and maintained by the Big History Project, will lead students on a journey of astounding connections and exciting discoveries.   The lessons also draw upon the insights of history, chemistry, biology, anthropology, physics, and a variety of other disciplines. Teacher-created lessons include downloadable activities, engaging videos, animations, and articles that bring the voices of leading scholars from around the world to you…and bring history to life. Today, there’s more information available to us on our phones than was available in all the great libraries of Alexandria, so how do we decide what claims we can trust? Big History guides learners through examining their intuition, looking at the authority, evidence, and logic of claims. Big History also looks beyond the timeline of human history to explore the connections between distant events billions of years ago and our lives today. From the massive expanse of the universe to the smallest of atoms, Big History guides you to think across temporal and physical scales. Both in articles and at the end of each tutorial, students and teachers can access downloadable and printable classroom resources such as lesson transcripts, video transcripts, worksheets and answer keys. Quizzes and glossary challenges allow teachers to assess student comprehension. Start your journey now!

Main Verb Definition and Examples

Synopsis Of The Speech Announces The Scratchy Pa System

Attention, all higher-ups please report to the meeting hall, announces the scratchy PA system. Juan and Alejandro develop a sly grin and stir up a conversation. Old Paco finally figured how to use that intercom. It ´s a real burden.† Let ´s go get Hector and Adolfo to see what s up. I think I have an idea of what it is. These rumours remind me of grade school, it ´s really getting out of hand. â€Å"Yeah, it’s a joke.† The men casually stroll into the dinky mess hall, which is really more of an empty room with picnic tables. Adolfo is leaning against a scuffed-up wall that emits a pungent odor of rotting meat and old wood. He’s in a slumped position with his grubby hat lazily placed across his forehead and eyes. â€Å"Wake up†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I thought we were an elite group of military leaders, not a bunch of chit-chatting slackers! We have a huge crisis on our hands, and it demands our immediate attention!† Bright purple v eins pop out of the General’s head, and his loud steady breathing is the only thing that can be heard throughout the cafeteria. â€Å"There are rumours†¦Ã¢â‚¬  starts the General. â€Å"That Mercenaries are reeking havoc throughout the mountain towns of Chile. No one knows who they are, or where they’re from, but they exist. We are supposed to be the only group that’s dominant, and we need to prove it by finding, and eliminating these abominations. Pack your bags folks, we’re going on an adventure!† General Davola leads the group in front with an immense backpack and a grim face. He can’t get over the fact that his power may be threatened. â€Å"Who would dare go up against me and my troop?† he ponders aloud. Meanwhile, Juan and Alejandro take up the back, behind Hector and Adolfo. â€Å"Do you think Davola will have us do any of his dirty work?† asks Juan. â€Å"We haven’t done anything shady in a while, but I do wonder sometimes which side we are on,† answers Alejandro. â€Å"What do you mean by that?† â€Å"It seems that we do more assignments for criminals, than we do for the actual government.† â€Å"I think you re exaggerating a bit, but money talks, dude. Besides, it’s not like we do anything that can harm Chile itself, we

Power in Animal Farm Free Essays

Animal Farm One of America’s most famous presidents, Abraham Lincoln, once said, â€Å"Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man’s character, give him power. † This statement stands through all of history as countless world leaders have abused their power constantly. This also shows in the novel by George Orwell, Animal Farm. We will write a custom essay sample on Power in Animal Farm or any similar topic only for you Order Now The pigs in power, and especially Napoleon, tend to constantly abuse their power and be corrupted by it. Three ways power affects the novel are the corruption of power with Napoleon, the pigs taking advantage of their power, and the eventual outcome of the book. As soon as Napoleon had some power he began to scheme to fully take it. â€Å"Nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the barn. † Napoleon had raised dogs since they were little and readied them so he can one day take over the farm. Napoleon then used these dogs to ensure his power multiple times, especially when an uprising was bound to happen. Napoleon became corrupted with power and used it to do his biddings. It is also seen that the dogs wagged their tail in a similar manner as they used to for Jones. Along with Napoleon, all the other pigs, who were regarded as the most intelligent of animals, soon began to corrupt their power too. â€Å"The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised the others. With their superior knowledge it was natural that they should assume the leadership. † The pigs seemed to have the greatest amount of food and all sorts of luxuries. The pigs would even break the Seven Commandments when they wanted to and used Squealer, Napoleon’s right hand man(pig), to explain to the animals what has happened and take advantage of them. The pigs began to sleep in beds and become more and more humanlike as well. The final outcome of the book is also influenced by the pigs corruption of power. â€Å"Twelve voices were shouting in anger, and they were all alike. No question, now, what had happened to the faces of the pigs. The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which. † The pigs began to abuse their power so much they started becoming almost completely humans. They drank alcohol, slept in beds, and walked on their hind feet. With this final transformation into humans, the fate of Animal Farm has been destined for destruction. The pigs will continue fighting for power and then once a rebellion occurs the next animals shall too. Power is certainly a force to be reckoned with. Once obtained the individual or party grows to become more attached to this power and eventually corrupted with it. â€Å"Power Corrupts. Absolute Power corrupts absolutely. † (Lord Acton. ) The animals on Animal Farm felt the effect of corruption in power when the pigs started to constantly abuse it. It is truly hard to find a good leader when power does these horrid effects to most people in control. â€Å"Power Corrupts. Absolute Power corrupts absolutely. † How to cite Power in Animal Farm, Papers

Music Technology Modern Society free essay sample

I am going to talk about how specific aspects of hip hop have evolved with technology from the period of the sasss up to present time. Hip Hop recordings during the asss mostly consisted of PA system recordings from parties where rappers would perform, and also Dos who used to create the very first mistakes with different artists featuring on them. This was usually recorded on a turntable with a standard dynamic microphone which created the raw old school Hip Hop sound people hear it as today. Cassette recordings were highly popular during the asss before digital tape recorders came the standard use during the asss.This creates a huge contrast between Hip Hop today as it Is now as easy as to ring an engineer and book studio time to have high quality sound recordings created within 30 minutes. This Is due to the technological advancements not only in Hip Hop, but music Itself through the use of electronic software recordings and other equipment and sound effects that are easily used through the software. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Technology Modern Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Software such as Logic, Pro Tools and Scubas have almost completely replaced all other styles of recording due to the efficiency of them.Hip Hop production has also changed a vast amount due to the software that is now available to everyone and anyone. In the old school days of Hip Hop, instrumentals were mostly created using hardware and live recordings of instruments using analogue synthesizers and drum machines, whereas now all it takes is to download a program and you can create a simple sequence using default sounds within minutes. I think this has created a pollution type of affect on this genre as there is a lot of bad quality sounding Hip Hop not only on the Internet but radio stations etc. ICC drowns out the sound of the original sampled Jazz, funk and skilled lyricism which was originally Intended for Hip Hop. The advancements of software has not only changed the way Hip Hop is created but the way that it is distributed, bought and listened to. For example, you can turn on your computer and search for your favorite artists and be able to stream their latest music straight to your ears rather than having to go to a record store to buy or listen to an album. You could also go straight onto tunes or any other online music stepsisters and buy the album outright online.The development of the Internet has also created a whole new lane for upcoming artists who are not signed to record labels as you can put projects out on the Internet for free Vela websites such as youth, concluded or bandanna which Is a major factor to boosting your popularity and getting your music known by people not only in your local city but all over the world. Music Technology Modern Society By penmanships This creates a huge contrast between Hip Hop today as it is now as easy as to ring an 0 minutes.This is due to the technological advancements not only in Hip Hop, but music itself through the use of electronic software recordings and other equipment qua lity sounding Hip Hop not only on the internet but radio stations etc.

Companion Essays

Companion Essays Companion Essay Companion Essay Elizabeth Schwartz Blizzard Arianne Zwartjes Companion Essay 4/18/10 The stance that I have chosen to take for the public argument was that I am against the act of piracy and to acquire a program called the Icarus at the University of Arizona. I chose to take this stance because after researching all of the different perspectives, I have personally witnessed the consequences due to illegal file downloading. In the beginning, my view on piracy was that it really isn’t that big of a deal. I agreed with stealing from the media because of how convenient it was for me and for my piers. Illegally downloading files was faster, cheaper, and easier than going out and buying a CD or going to spend ten dollars to see a movie. However, now that I have looked at all possible scenarios of getting caught and now fully understand the moral issue in this crime, I believe schools such as the University of Arizona should adopt programs, especially the Icarus, in order to reduce and completely prevent piracy. In order to try and actually adopt this program, I wrote a letter, almost like a petition, for students and those who also believe that the University of Arizona should eliminate illegal file sharing. I initially had a large black poster board with purple and gold glitter writing saying â€Å"I dare you† on it in order to lure people into seeing my website. It said I dare you across the entire board because I thought it was catchy enough to convince people they wanted to hear my argument and it was so shiny and large that people couldn’t turn their eyes away when they saw it. Once they came over, they were interested in what I was really â€Å"daring† them to do. After I got student’s attention, I showed them my website and tricked everyone by letting students think they could download songs and movies illegally. They read through the cases and realized that they were stealing once they couldn’t actually download any files. The letter I wrote is to the administrative assistant and the members of the dean of students advising that this program should be implemented because it will eliminate all illegal files sharing through the University’s networks. By enabling this program students will not only stop downloading files illegally but will also be penalized for doing so, ultimately ending all use or attempts at even doing so. At the end of the letter are tons of signatures showing the administration that people truly believe in this side of the controversy and that this move is really the best idea for the school. By having all these signatures, the administration will almost feel as if they need to implement this new program. I have chosen to write a letter because I believe that this will truly instill on the board members and show the true affect of the problem. Because other schools have already adopted this program, by the University of Arizona also doing so, it will better this school overall. I have interviewed two of my fellow piers, one, who even attends this school. During these interviews I had noticed that my friend punished at Arizona for illegally downloading files was just one student who was unfortunate, yet there are thousands of other students who do not get penalized for doing this. Max Cohen, the student from Arizona himself states, â€Å"At this University, you would think that because there are around 40,000 students at this school that they wouldnt even bother to try and catch people from downloading music and movies illegally because its just so common. But of course they caught me and now I have to go do community service, pay a fine, and write an essay for why what I did was wrong. Its stupid if you think about it. Everyone does it (Cohen 2010). Rather than forcing someone to pay a fine or write an essay about illegally downloading files, why not just have a program that blocks students from overall doing so, forcing students not to download anything illegally rather than just trying to do so again in the hopes of not getting caught? Implementing the Icarus might be the only option those in the media industry have: otherwise students will continue to try. This program will easily be the first step and when this program becomes more popular at universitie s across the globe, students will eventually realize how wrong it is when they realize they are stealing from the media. Overall, I believe that this letter and petition to the Administration and its board will be the biggest help and the first real step to eliminating the use of file sharing over the Internet. Enforcing this will truly help the media at officially really eliminating their products from being stolen from them. Other universities have already done so and with the addition of the University of Arizona will not only benefit the school itself but also ultimately end piracy at this school. Cohen, Maxwell. Illegally Downloading. Interview by Elizabeth Z. Schwartz. 17 Apr. 2010: 2. Print.

Definition and Examples of Overwriting

Definition and Examples of Overwriting Overwriting is a wordy writing style characterized by excessive detail, needless repetition, overwrought figures of speech, and/or convoluted sentence structures. For writers striving for color, advises author and editor Sol Stein, try, fly, experiment, but if it shows strain, if it isnt accurate, cut it (Stein on Writing, 1995). Examples and Observations Overwriting is the failure to make choices. . . . Linguistic bric-a-brac is literatures Elvis on velvet.(Paula LaRocque, Championship Writing: 50 Ways to Improve Your Writing. Marion Street, 2000)[Andrew] Davidsons approach is scattergun: for every lovely image (the unholy yoga of his crash), there is a horrible, almost parodic piece of overwriting (a cheese strand dangled from her mouth to the edge of her nipple, and I wanted to rappel it like a mozzarella commando).(James Smart, The Gargoyle. The Guardian, September 27, 2008)Even Great Writers Can OverwriteNote that some critics deeply admire the following passages by John Updike and Joan Didion. With uncommon perception, says Thomas L. Martin, Updike offers the beauty of these several figures which, lined up, converge in a significatory pattern as do these dropsin a single figurative mosaic (Poiesis and Possible Worlds, 2004). Likewise, the excerpt from On Self-Respect, one of Didions best-known essays, is frequently quoted approv ingly. Other readers, however, argue that Updikes images and Didions figurative comparisons are self-conscious and distractingin a word, overwritten. Decide for yourselves.- It was a window enchanted by the rarity with which I looked from it. Its panes were strewn with drops that as if by amoebic decision would abruptly merge and break and jerkily run downward, and the window screen, like a sampler half-stitched, or a crossword puzzle invisibly solved, was inlaid erratically with minute, translucent tesserae of rain.(John Updike, Of the Farm, 1965)- Although to be driven back upon oneself is an uneasy affair at best, rather like trying to cross a border with borrowed credentials, it seems to me now the one condition necessary to the beginnings of real self-respect. Most of our platitudes notwithstanding, self-deception remains the most difficult deception. The tricks that work on others count for nothing in that very well-lit back alley where one keeps assignations with oneself: no winning smiles will do here, no prettily drawn lists of good intentions. One shuffles flashily but in vain through ones marked cardsthe kindness done for the wrong reason, the apparent triumph which involved no real effort, the seemingly heroic act into which one had been shamed.(Joan Didion, On Self-Respect. Slouching Towards Bethlehem, 1968) Weltys WordinessSometimes writers get so excited about specificity and description that they begin to confuse them with mere wordiness. This is called overwriting and is a common early malady in apprentice writers. . . .Heres one of Eudora Weltys early first sentences: Monsieur Boule inserted a delicate dagger in Mademoiselles left side and departed with a poised immediacy.The solution to overcoming overwriting . . . is simply to exercise restraint and to remember the notion of immediacy. Weltys sentence, short of its too-fancy verbs and its excess of adjectives, might simply have read, Monsieur Boule stabbed Mademoiselle with a dagger and left the room in a hurry.(Julie Checkoway, Creating Fiction: Instruction and Insights From Teachers of the Associated Writing Programs. Writers Digest Books, 2001)Daniel Harris on OverwritingEven as my prose congealed into epic similes that grew more and more outlandish, I displayed absolute intolerance for the overwriting of others whose prose all owed me to study my own shortcomings at several removes, from a vantage point far above the vendetta I was waging as the self-appointed hatchet man of minority fiction. Often I was so blind to my tendency to write purple prose that I overwrote in the very act of criticizing overwriting, as . . . when I praised Patricia Highsmith, who, unlike other American writers, was so committed to telling her story that she never had any time to single out something for its own sake, to pluck it up from its context, and pet it from head to toe with long, voluptuous strokes of adjectives and metaphors. Far from being smug about my skills as a writer, I was bitterly frustrated, divided between my need to entertain my audience and my abhorrence of the prose that resulted from my acrobatic efforts to maintain my readers interest.(Daniel Harris, A Memoir Of No One In Particular. Basic Books, 2002) Do Not OverwriteRich, ornate prose is hard to digest, generally unwholesome, and sometimes nauseating. If the sickly sweet word, the overblown phrase are a writers natural form of expression, as is sometimes the case, he will have to compensate for it by a show of vigor, and by writing something as meritorious as the Song of Songs, which is Solomons.(William Strunk, Jr. and E.B. White, The Elements of Style, 3rd ed. Macmillan, 1979)

Answer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Answer - Assignment Example This affects the views of the public regarding the church. This behavior is a trend in most churches and has been seen to be the root of most challenges faced by churches in the modern era. Other challenges include differences among church leaders and the increasing level of hypocrisy in the modern churches. There is a shared religious opinion internationally for both the unaffiliated and affiliated. It is believed that there is a spiritual being and that religion brings people together and helps in overcoming various challenges in life. The only difference is that the spiritual but not religious do not understand whether the decline in the religious influence to the society in the modern era is a bad or good thing. Spiritual but not religious implies that an individual believes in a certain spiritual being but the view about various religious churches is a challenge for them. These challenges are influenced by various factors. Such individuals tend to think that the idea of following the majority in terms of religion is irrelevant. They follow what they feel is right spiritually. It is possible to have a consistent set of spiritual beliefs that are different from the history of tradition because of variations in the religious leaderships and individual beliefs. Both secular and religious perspectives are considered to be meaning making because there is many secular influence in religion. Consequently, most believers tend to live secular lives and still maintain a religious side that is at times confusing (Pew Research Centers Religion & Public Life Project

The Impact Cancer Had on American Culture during the Late 1950s and Research Paper

The Impact Cancer Had on American Culture during the Late 1950s and Early 1960s - Research Paper Example The most common symptoms of cancer are: fatigue, loss of appetite, loss of weight, night sweats and fever. Cancer is tested through chest x-ray, complete blood count, bone marrow biopsy, MRI scan among others. Treatment is through early diagnosis and treatment, removal of the abnormal cells, chemotherapy and radiation. Prevention of cancer can be done through regular exercise, healthy dieting, limiting alcohol and not smoking (Cantor 21). â€Å"The spread of cancer was facilitated by poliovirus vaccines that were used during the late 1950s and early 1960s and were contaminated with a monkey virus that is harmful to rodents and has been identified in some human cancers† (jnci.oxfordjournals.org p.3).The monkey virus was discovered in 1960 and its effect on rodents in 1961 a year that American government demanded for uncontaminated poliovirus vaccine. Despite this the previous virus remained in the immunization program up to 1963. This immunization program targeted children betw een 5-9 years and pregnant mothers. 1961’s survey revealed that persons born between 1941 and 1961 had been vaccinated with the poliovirus vaccine especially those below the age of 20 years. â€Å"The rate of exposure to the polluted vaccine decreased with increasing age† (jnci.oxfordjournals.org p 14). ... Most Americans had embraced the culture of drinking and this led to the rapid spread of cancer. The introduction of radioactive skin cream and toothpaste has contributed to high cancer rates (Patterson 27). The African Americans were mostly affected by lung cancer as they had the highest rates of smoking (Patterson 15). They were exposed to agents that cause cancer in their jobs and had little or no information of exposure to environmental risks like the occupational exposure to smoke and chemicals in their places of work. Their socioeconomic status was correlated to incidence of cancer as they had minimal access to good healthcare. Genetics also seem to have had a great impact on the spread of cancer. The reason was black people had a high level of generic cancer which still remains in the blood stream and thus can be passed on to other genetic relations. Cancer had a negative impact on the work force as it lowered the rate of production and had made healthcare expensive. â€Å"The Native Americans used chaparral as a herbal remedy for various illnesses but that was found to cause problems with the liver and kidney function†(www.cancer.org p 6). In America, there was a high risk of colon cancer due to radiation exposure. This exposure was from the natural unavoidable sources of the environment. Traditional attitudes of the Native Americans about fear of a poor prognosis, male gender roles and their lack of trust with the medical community and inadequate health insurance made them participate less in screenings. The African American men were not comfortable with rectal examinations and were afraid of the sexual side effects of treatment of cancer as they thought they would be unable to

SOCIETYS SLAVES :: essays research papers

The books Brave New World, by Aldrous Huxley, and 1984, by George Orwell, are alike because they have comparable organizations. By using brainwashing techniques, censorship, and the obliteration of history, the leaders in Brave New World and 1984 control the thoughts and recollections of the people in their societies. Without using these techniques, the societies being controlled could not exist, because the people would not be disciplined like they needed to be. The citizens in these societies are slaves of the leaders, but cannot resist or do anything to change things for themselves. Chiefly, brainwashing was essential to accomplish while the children were young because then it would ensure that they would grow up to be model citizens in the society. Principally, love was disallowed in both societies, by the virtue that it would cause problems. Fights would begin over relationships that would cause uncertainty that was not needed in the society. When the citizens Brave New World were young, they were involved in sexual games that would introduce them to sex and portray it as something casual. "†¦.this little boy seems rather reluctant to join in the ordinary erotic play." (Brave New World, pg. 30) As they got older, they were not able to know love, or would not be able to distinguish it from sex, so it became the norm to 'have everyone'. In 1984, marriages were allowed, but on the grounds that the two people getting married were not in love. They wanted the people to feel like they were only getting married to be of service to the party (when their children were set up working with the Spies, growing up to be pawns for the Party). The one they were supposed to love was Big Brother. "You must love Big Brother. It is not enough to obey him you must love him." (1984, pg. 201) Everyone was designed so that people would feel like they were existing for the Party, and the Party is virtuous. People's reactions towards death was also deteriorated in Brave New World, so people would not show anxiety if one of their friends died. "What are these filthy brats doing here? It's disgraceful." "Disgraceful? But what do you mean? They're being death conditioned." (Brave New World, pg. 208) They would just continue on living in the society, as existing happily and productively was their purpose. In 1984, emotions about occurrences like death was frowned upon as well.

Advertising: It’s Everywhere

Advertising: It's EverywhereNo, it's not your imagination. The amount of advertising and marketing North Americans are exposed to daily has exploded over the past decade; studies show, that on average we see 3,000 ads per day. At the gas pumps, in the movie theatre, in a washroom stall, during sporting events—advertising is impossible to avoid. Even outer space isn't safe from commercialization: the Russian space program launched a rocket bearing a 30-foot Pizza Hut logo, and some companies have investigated placing ads in space that will be visible from earth.The challenge of the future may be finding public and private spaces that are free of advertising. Marketers are pressed to find even more innovative and aggressive ways to cut through the â€Å"ad clutter† or â€Å"ad fatigue† of modern life. Here's an overview of some of the ways marketers are targeting us: * Ambient advertising Ambient advertising refers to intrusive ads in public places. With the cost o f traditional media advertising skyrocketing and a glut of ads fighting for consumers' attention, marketers are aggressively seeking out new advertising vehicles.Cars, bicycles, taxis and buses have become moving commercials. Ambient ads appear on store floors, at gas pumps, in washrooms stalls, on elevator walls, park benches, telephones, fruit and even pressed into the sand on beaches. Even some members of the industry itself are critical of this trend to slap ads on everything. Bob Garfield, columnist for the ad industry magazine  Advertising Age, calls this plethora of commercial messages â€Å"environment pollutants. † Others worry that this deluge of advertising will create a backlash with consumers. Stealth- endorsers Marketers are moving away from the traditional use of celebrities as product hucksters, since a cynical public no longer believes that celebrities actually use the products they endorse in commercials. The trend now is to brand celebrities with specific merchandise by having them use or wear products in public appearances or promote them in media interviews—without making it clear that the celebrities are paid spokespeople. * Naming rights Corporations are turning public spaces into commodities by purchasing naming rights to arenas, theatres, parks, schools, museums and even subway systems.Cash-strapped municipalities see naming rights as a way to raise much-needed revenues without raising taxes. * Targeted advertising Targeted ads are a form of Internet marketing. Using sophisticated data collecting technologies, Web sites can combine a user's personal information with surfing preferences to create ads that are specifically tailored for that user. * Cross-merchandizing A wave of media mergers over the past decade has produced a handful of powerful conglomerates that now own all the major film studios, TV networks, radio and television stations, cable channels, Internet, book and magazine publishing and music companies.Thes e giant conglomerates use their various media holdings to promote products and artists through massive cross-promotional campaigns. For example, when the world's largest entertainment conglomerate AOL Time Warner was preparing the release of the film  Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, it enlisted all its various media divisions—cable systems, speciality channels, TV networks, magazines and Internet companies—to help mass-market the movie and the spin-off merchandise.Commenting on the phenomenally successful cross-promotional approach used to market the film (Harry Potter smashed all previous opening records, grossing $90 million in its first weekend) AOL Time Warner executive Richard Parsons explained: â€Å"This drove synergy both ways. Not only did we use our promotional and advertising platforms to help create awareness, we used the film to drive traffic to those vehicles. † * Product placement The future of product placement as a successful advertisin g tool was assured when the 1982 film  ET  featured Reese's Pieces in a pivotal scene—causing sales of the candy to jump 65 per cent.Since that time, product placement in movies, on TV, and increasingly in video games, has become a commonplace marketing technique. The marketing company FeatureThis extols the virtues of product placement for potential clients, on its Web site: â€Å"Break through the cluttered media entertainment environment inexpensively,† it claims â€Å"product placement in feature films and television reaches millions of consumers, over and over again. † With the advent of technologies such as TiVo, which allow consumers to edit out TV commercials, product placement is taking on an even greater importance.TV producers are looking for new ways to integrate advertising and content. Basing an entire show around a product is one technique; and giving viewers the capability of immediately purchasing products featured on the program is another. Following a segment of the NBC TV show  Will and Grace, in which a character wore a pink Polo shirt, the network ran a 10-second clip telling viewers to go to the Polo Web site (which is 50 per cent owned by NBC) to purchase one.The site sold $3,000 worth of shirts over the next five days. In the near future, Interactive TV will allow users to order a pair of pants that your favourite TV star is wearing, merely by clicking on them. * Digital or â€Å"virtual† advertising Digital advertising goes one step further than product placement by using computer technology to add products to scenes that were never there to begin with.This practice is common in sporting events coverage, where ads are digitally inserted onto the billboards, sideboards and playing surfaces in arenas and stadiums. While digital ads are mainly used in sports coverage, virtual advertising is starting to break into the entertainment world as producers digitally insert products into TV scenes after the scen es are shot. The technology also allows product names to be altered in scenes, creating the potential for new advertising revenues when series are sold into syndication. |

Creating Behavior Goals for Early Intervention Programs

Managing difficult behavior is one of the challenges that makes or breaks effective instruction. Early Intervention Once young children are identified as needing special education services, it is important to begin to work on those learning to learn skills, which importantly, include self regulation. When a child begins an early intervention program, it is not uncommon to find that parents have worked harder to placate their child than to teach them the desired behavior.   At the same time, those children have learned how to manipulate their parents to avoid those things they dont like, or to get the things they do want.    If a child’s behavior impacts his or her ability to perform academically, it requires a Functional Behavioral Analysis (FBA) and a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) by law (IDEA of 2004.) It is wise to attempt to identify and modify behavior informally, before you go to the lengths of an FBA and BIP. Avoid accusing parents or whining about behavior: if you gain the cooperation of parents early on you can avoid another IEP team meeting. Behavior Goal Guidelines Once you have established that you will need an FBA and BIP, then it’s time to write IEP Goals for behaviors. Write you goals positively as much as possible. Name the replacement behavior. Instead of writing â€Å"Zachary will not hit his neighbors† write â€Å"Zachary will keep hands and feet to himself.† Measure it through interval observation, noting the percentage of 15 or 30 minutes with hands and feet free behavior.Avoid preachy, values freighted words, especially â€Å"responsible† and â€Å"accountable.† When discussing with the student â€Å"why† feel free to use these words, such as â€Å"Lucy, I’m so happy you’re being responsible for your temper. You used your words instead!!† Or, â€Å"James, you’re 10 now, and I think you’re old enough to be accountable for your own homework.† But goals should read: â€Å"Lucy will tell a teacher or peer when she is angry and count to 10, 80 percent of the day (interval objective.) â€Å" â€Å"James will return completed homework 80% of days, or 4 out of 5 days.à ¢â‚¬ (frequency objective.)There are basically two kinds of objectives as noted above: interval and frequency goals. Interval goals are measured across intervals, and imply an increase of replacement behavior. Frequency goals measure the number of occurrences of a preferred or replacement behavior during a time period.The goal of behavior goals should be to extinguish, or eliminate, undesirable behavior and replace it with appropriate, productive behavior. Focusing on the target behavior may reinforce it and inadvertently make it stronger and more difficult to eliminate.   Focusing on the replacement behavior should help extinguishing the behavior. Anticipate an extinction burst before behavior improves.Problem behavior is not usually the result of reflective, thoughtful choices. It is usually emotional and learned—because it has helped the child get what he or she wanted. That doesn’t mean you shouldn’t talk about it, talk about the replacement behavior and talk about the emotional content of good behavior. It just doesn’t belong in an  IEP. Examples of Behavior Goals When prompted by the teacher or teaching staff, John will line up, keeping hands and feet to himself in 8 of ten opportunities as documented by teacher and staff in three of four consecutive days.  In an instructional setting (when instruction is presented by the teacher) Ronnie will remain in his seat for 80% of one minute intervals over 30 minutes as observed by teacher or teaching staff in three of four consecutive probes.  In small group activities and instructional groups Belinda will ask staff and peers for access to supplies (pencils, erasers, crayons) in 4 out of 5 opportunities as observed by teacher and teaching staff in three of four consecutive probes.